Broadband
Broadband Overview
This chapter discusses the Zyxel Device’s Broadband screens. Use these screens to configure your Zyxel Device for Internet access.
A Wide Area Network (WAN) connection is an outside connection to another network or the Internet. It connects your private networks, such as a Local Area Network (LAN) and other networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
LAN and WAN
What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use Broadband screens to view, remove or add a WAN interface. You can also configure the WAN settings on the Zyxel Device for Internet access.
The Broadband screens for DSL routers and Ethernet and PON routers are slightly different.
For DSL routers, see Broadband Settings for DSL Routers.
For Ethernet and PON routers, see Broadband Settings for Ethernet and PON Routers.
See Overview to see which router type your Zyxel Device belongs to.
For DSL routers, see Broadband Settings for DSL Routers.
For Ethernet and PON routers, see Broadband Settings for Ethernet and PON Routers.
See Overview to see which router type your Zyxel Device belongs to.
• Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex J, and DSL PhyR functions (Broadband Advanced Screen for DSL Routers or Gateways). Alternatively, use the Advanced screen to configure the Zyxel Device to reduce the power consumption.
Layer-2 Interface | Internet Connection | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Connection | Mode | encapsulation | Connection Settings |
Ethernet | Routing | PPPoE | PPP user name and password, WAN IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU |
IPoE | WAN IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, NAT, DNS server and routing feature | ||
Bridge | N/A | VLAN | |
GPON | Routing | PPPoE | PPP user name and password, WAN IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU |
IPoE | WAN IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, NAT, DNS server and routing feature | ||
Bridge | N/A | ||
 This table is for the Ethernet and PON routers. See Overview for more information. | |||
Layer-2 Interface | Internet Connection | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Connection | dsl link type | Mode | encapsulation | Connection Settings |
ADSL or VDSL over PTM | N/A | Routing | PPPoE | PPP information, IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU |
IPoE | IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU | |||
Bridge | N/A | VLAN and QoS | ||
ADSL over ATM | EoA | Routing | PPPoE ot PPPoA | ATM PVC configuration, PPP information, IPv4/IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU |
IPoE or IPoA | ATM PVC configuration, IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU | |||
Bridge | N/A | ATM PVC configuration, and QoS | ||
Ethernet | N/A | Routing | PPPoE | PPP user name and password, WAN IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, routing feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU |
IPoE | WAN IPv4 or IPv6 IP address, NAT, DNS server and routing feature | |||
Bridge | N/A | VLAN and QoS | ||
| This table is for the DSL routers. See Overview for more information. | ||||
What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the Zyxel Device, which makes it accessible from an outside network. It is used by the Zyxel Device to communicate with other devices in other networks. It can be static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the Zyxel Device tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and DNS server IP addresses.
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a WAN networking technology that provides high-speed data transfer. ATM uses fixed-size packets of information called cells. With ATM, a high QoS (Quality of Service) can be guaranteed. ATM uses a connection-oriented model and establishes a virtual circuit (VC).
PTM
Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) is packet-oriented and supported by the VDSL2 standard. In PTM, packets are encapsulated directly in the High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) frames. It is designed to provide a low-overhead, transparent way of transporting packets over DSL links, as an alternative to ATM.
IPv6 Introduction
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is designed to enhance IP address size and features. The increase in IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32-bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 1038 IP addresses. The Zyxel Device can use IPv4 or IPv6 dual stack to connect to IPv4 and IPv6 networks, and supports IPv6 rapid deployment (6RD).
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015, 2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
IPv6 Subnet Masking
Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each character (1 – 10, A – F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.
IPv6 Rapid Deployment
Use IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) when the local network uses IPv6 and the ISP has an IPv4 network. When the Zyxel Device has an IPv4 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only, you can enable 6rd to encapsulate IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets to cross the ISP’s IPv4 network.
The Zyxel Device generates a global IPv6 prefix from its IPv4 WAN address and tunnels IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s Border Relay router (BR in the figure) to connect to the native IPv6 Internet. The local network can also use IPv4 services. The Zyxel Device uses its configured IPv4 WAN IP to route IPv4 traffic to the IPv4 Internet.
IPv6 Rapid Deployment
Dual Stack Lite
Use Dual Stack Lite when local network computers use IPv4 and the ISP has an IPv6 network. When the Zyxel Device has an IPv6 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv6 Only, you can enable Dual Stack Lite to use IPv4 computers and services.
The Zyxel Device tunnels IPv4 packets inside IPv6 encapsulation packets to the ISP’s Address Family Transition Router (AFTR in the graphic) to connect to the IPv4 Internet. The local network can also use IPv6 services. The Zyxel Device uses its configured IPv6 WAN IP to route IPv6 traffic to the IPv6 Internet.
Dual Stack Lite
Carrier-Grade NAT (CGNAT)
CGNAT allows an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to use a single public WAN IP address for multiple customers with different Internet access devices.
Before You Begin
You need to know your Internet access settings such as encapsulation and WAN IP address. Get this information from your ISP.
Broadband Settings for DSL Routers
Use this screen to change your Zyxel Device’s Internet access settings. The summary table shows you the configured WAN services (connections) on the Zyxel Device. Use information provided by your ISP to configure WAN settings.
Click Network Setting > Broadband to access this screen.
Network Setting > Broadband (DSL Routers)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
Add New WAN Interface | Click this button to create a new connection. |
# | This is the index number of the entry. |
Name | This is the service name of the connection. |
Type | This shows types of connections the router has. |
Mode | This shows whether the connection is in routing or bridge mode. |
Encapsulation | This is the method of encapsulation used by this connection. |
802.1p | This indicates the 802.1p priority level assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This displays N/A when there is no priority level assigned. |
802.1q | This indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This displays N/A when there is no VLAN ID number assigned. |
IGMP Proxy | This shows whether the Zyxel Device act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. |
NAT | This shows whether NAT is activated or not for this connection. |
Default Gateway | This shows whether the Zyxel Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default gateway. |
IPv6 | This shows whether IPv6 is activated or not for this connection. IPv6 is not available when the connection uses the bridging service. |
MLD Proxy | This shows whether Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) is activated or not for this connection. MLD is not available when the connection uses the bridging service. |
Modify | Click the Edit icon to configure the WAN connection. Click the Delete icon to remove the WAN connection. |
Add or Edit Internet Connection
Click Add New WAN Interface in the Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to an existing WAN interface to open the following screen. Use this screen to configure a WAN connection. The screen varies depending on the mode, encapsulation, and IPv6 or IPv4 mode you select.
Routing Mode
Use Routing mode if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet account.
The following example screen displays when you select the Routing mode and PPPoE encapsulation. The screen varies when you select other encapsulation and IPv6 or IPv4 mode.
Network Setting > Broadband > Add or Edit New WAN Interface (Routing Mode)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
LABEL | Description |
|---|---|
General Click the switch to enable this WAN interface. | |
Name | Specify a descriptive name for this connection. You can use up to 15 alphanumeric (0-9, a-z, A-Z) and special characters except [ " ], [ ` ], [ ' ], [ < ], [ > ], [ ^ ], [ $ ], [ | ], [ & ], or [ ; ]. Spaces are allowed. This field is read-only if you are editing the WAN interface. |
Type | This field shows the types of available connections. This field is read-only if you are editing the WAN interface. |
Mode | Select Routing if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet account. |
Encapsulation | Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. This option is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field. When you select ADSL/VDSL over ATM or Ethernet, the choices are PPPoE and IPoE. When you select ADSL over ATM, the choices are PPPoE, IPoE, PPPoA and IPoA. |
IPv4/IPv6 Mode | Select IPv4 Only if you want the Zyxel Device to run IPv4 only. Select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack to allow the Zyxel Device to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time. Select IPv6 Only if you want the Zyxel Device to run IPv6 only. |
PPP Information (This is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field and PPPoE or PPPoA in the Encapsulation field.) | |
PPP User Name | Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given. |
PPP Password | Enter the password associated with the user name above. Select password unmask to show your entered password in plain text. |
PPP Connection Trigger | Select when to have the Zyxel Device establish the PPP connection. Auto Connect – select this to not let the connection time out. On Demand – select this to automatically bring up the connection when the Zyxel Device receives packets destined for the Internet. |
Idle Timeout | This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically disconnects from the PPPoE server. This field is not available if you select Auto Connect in the PPP Connection Trigger field. |
PPPoE Passthrough | This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation. In addition to the Zyxel Device’s built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP through the Zyxel Device. Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address. PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate. Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP. |
ATM PVC Configuration (This is available only when you select ADSL over ATM in the Type field.) | |
VPI [0-255] | The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you. |
VCI [32-65535] | The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you. |
Encapsulation | Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices are: • LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by identifying the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. • VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit (VC). To transport multiple protocols, the Zyxel Device needs separate VCs. There is a binding between a VC and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces payload overhead since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol Data Unit (PDU) payload. |
Service Category | Select UBR Without PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive, such as email. Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data traffic. Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections that require closely controlled delay and delay variation. |
Peak Cell Rate [cells/s] | Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the PCR here. |
Sustainable Cell Rate | The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system default is 0 cells/sec. |
Maximum Burst Size [cells] | Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535. |
VLAN Click this switch to enable VLAN on this WAN interface. This field is not available if you select ADSL over ATM in the Type field and PPPoA or IPoA in the Encapsulation field. | |
802.1p | IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The greater the number, the higher the priority level. |
802.1q | Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection. |
MTU (This is not available if you select ADSL over ATM in the Type field and PPPoA or IPoA in the Encapsulation field.) | |
MTU | Enter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for traffic through this connection. |
IP Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
Obtain an IP Address Automatically | A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet. Select this if you have a dynamic IP address. |
Static IP Address | Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. |
IP Address | Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP. |
Subnet Mask | Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP. This is available only when you set the Encapsulation to IPoE or IPoA. |
Gateway IP Address | Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP. This is available only when you set the Encapsulation to IPoE. |
DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
Obtain DNS Info Automatically | Select Obtain DNS Info Automatically if you want the Zyxel Device to use the DNS server addresses assigned by your ISP. |
Use Following Static DNS Address | Select Use Following Static DNS Address if you want the Zyxel Device to use the DNS server addresses you configure manually. |
Primary DNS Server | Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Secondary DNS Server | Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
NAT | Click this switch to activate NAT on this connection. |
IGMP Proxy | Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a multicast group – it is not used to carry user data. Click this switch to have the Zyxel Device act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. This allows the Zyxel Device to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly. |
Apply as Default Gateway | Click this switch to have the Zyxel Device use this WAN interface of this connection as the system default gateway. |
Fullcone NAT | Click this switch to enable full cone NAT on this WAN connection. This field is available only when you activate NAT. In full cone NAT, the Zyxel Device maps all outgoing packets from an internal IP address and port to a single IP address and port on the external network. The Zyxel Device also maps packets coming to that external IP address and port to the internal IP address and port. |
6RD The 6RD (IPv6 rapid deployment) fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv4 Only. See IPv6 Rapid Deployment for more information. Click this switch to tunnel IPv6 traffic from the local network through the ISP’s IPv4 network. | |
Automatically configured by DHCPC | The Automatically configured by DHCPC option is configurable only when you set the method of encapsulation to IPoE. |
Manually Configured | Select Manually Configured if you have the IPv4 address of the relay server. Otherwise, select Automatically configured by DHCPC to have the Zyxel Device detect it automatically through DHCP. |
Service Provider IPv6 Prefix | Enter an IPv6 prefix for tunneling IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s border relay router and connecting to the native IPv6 Internet. |
IPv4 Mask Length | Enter the subnet mask number (1 – 32) for the IPv4 network. |
Border Relay IPv4 Address | When you select Manually Configured, specify the relay server’s IPv4 address in this field. |
DHCPC Options (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field and IPoE in the Encapsulation field.) The available DHCP options may differ by model. | |
Request Options | Select Option 42 to have the Zyxel Device get NTP time server information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. Select Option 43 to have the Zyxel Device get vendor specific information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. Select Option 120 to have the Zyxel Device get static route information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. Select Option 121 to have the Zyxel Device get SIP server information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. |
Sent Options | |
option 12 | To identify the Zyxel Device to the DHCP server, select this to automatically add the hostname of the Zyxel Device in the DHCP discovery packets that go to the DHCP server. |
option 60 | Select this and enter the device identity you want the Zyxel Device to add in the DHCP discovery packets that go to the DHCP server. |
Vendor ID | Enter the Vendor Class Identifier, such as the type of the hardware or firmware. |
option 61 | Select this and enter any string that identifies the device. |
IAID | Enter the Identity Association Identifier (IAID) of the device, for example, the WAN connection index number. |
DUID | Enter the DHCP Unique Identifier (DUID), which includes the hardware type, a time value and the MAC address of the device. |
option 125 | Select this to have the Zyxel Device automatically generate and add vendor specific parameters in the DHCP discovery packets that go to the DHCP server. |
IPv6 Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
Obtain an IPv6 Address Automatically | Select Obtain an IPv6 Address Automatically if you want to have the Zyxel Device use the IPv6 prefix from the connected router’s Router Advertisement (RA) to generate an IPv6 address. |
Static IPv6 Address | Select Static IPv6 Address if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP. When you select this, the following fields appear. |
IPv6 Address | Enter an IPv6 IP address that your ISP gave to you for this WAN interface. |
Prefix Length | Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address compose the network address. |
IPv6 Default Gateway | Enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same segment as your Zyxel Device's interfaces. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations. |
IPv6 DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. Configure the IPv6 DNS server in the following section.) | |
Obtain IPv6 DNS Info Automatically | Select Obtain IPv6 DNS Info Automatically to have the Zyxel Device get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from the ISP automatically. |
Use Following Static IPv6 DNS Address | Select Use Following Static IPv6 DNS Address to have the Zyxel Device use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure manually. |
Primary DNS Server | Enter the first IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Secondary DNS Server | Enter the second IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
IPv6 Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. You can enable IPv6 routing features in the following section.) | |
MLD Proxy Enable | Select this checkbox to have the Zyxel Device act as an MLD proxy on this connection. This allows the Zyxel Device to get subscription information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly. |
Apply as Default Gateway | Select this option to have the Zyxel Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default gateway. |
DS-Lite | This is available only when you select IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. Enable Dual Stack Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. See Dual Stack Lite for more information. Click this switch to enable DS-Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. |
Automatically configured by DHCPC | Select this to have the Zyxel Device detect the relay server automatically through DHCP. |
Manually Configured | Select Manually Configured if you have the IPv6 address of the relay server. Otherwise, select Automatically configured by DHCPC to have the Zyxel Device detect it automatically through DHCP. |
DS-Lite Relay Server IP | Specify the transition router’s IPv6 address. |
DHCPv6 Option (This is available only when you select IPv6 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
IPv6 Address From DHCPv6 Server | Click the switch to let the Zyxel Device send DHCP requests to the DHCPv6 server to obtain an IPv6 address. |
Other Information From DHCPv6 Server | Click the switch to have the Zyxel Device get other information, such as DNS information, from DHCPv6 packets sent from the DHCPv6 server. This will be enabled if IPv6 Address From DHCPv6 Server is enabled. |
IPv6 MAP | This is available when you edit an IPv6 WAN interface. Slide the switch to the right to create an IPv6 map domain. |
Transport Mode | Select MAP-T (Translation) or MAP-E (Encapsulation) based on the ISP deployment. |
Setting Mode | Select DHCP S46 or Manual to configure the following fields. |
| The following Prefix/Address fields are used for the address mapping rule of MAP-T or MAP-E. | |
BR IPv6 Prefix | This is the IPv6 network address/prefix assigned to the BR, including the prefix length. |
Rule IPv6 Prefix | This is the IPv6 network prefix, including the prefix length. |
Rule IPv4 Prefix | This is the IPv4 network prefix, including the prefix length. |
| The following PSID fields are used for the port mapping rule of MAP-T or MAP-E. | |
PSID Offset | The Port Set Identifier (PSID) offset specifies the excluded port range. The default PSID Offset is 6; port 0~1023 will be reserved for the system to use. |
PSID Length | This specifies the number of sharing ratio. When PSID Length is set to 8, the ports will be separated and assigned for 2^8 MAP CEs to use. |
PSID | A Port Set ID (PSID) identifies a set of ports assigned to a CE for mapping. PSID should be unique for each CE sharing the IPv4 address. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes. |
Bridge Mode
Click the Add new WAN Interface in the Network Setting > Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to the connection you want to configure. The following example screen displays when you select Bridge mode.
Network Setting > Broadband > Add or Edit New WAN Interface (Bridge Mode)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
General Click this switch to enable the WAN interface. | |
Name | Enter a service name of the connection. You can use up to 15 alphanumeric (0-9, a-z, A-Z) and special characters except [ " ], [ ` ], [ ' ], [ < ], [ > ], [ ^ ], [ $ ], [ | ], [ & ], or [ ; ]. Spaces are allowed. This field is read-only is you are editing the WAN interface. |
Type | Select VDSL over PTM, ADSL over ATM or Ethernet as the WAN interface type. This field is read-only if you are editing the WAN interface. |
Mode | Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you select Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and NAT on traffic from the selected LAN ports. |
VLAN Click this switch to enable VLAN on this WAN interface. | |
802.1p | IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The greater the number, the higher the priority level. |
802.1q | Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection. |
MTU | |
MTU | Enter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for traffic through this connection. |
ATM PVC Configuration (This is available only when you select ADSL over ATM in the Type field.) | |
VPI [0–255] | The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you. |
VCI [32–65535] | The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you. |
Encapsulation | Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices are: • LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by identifying the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. • VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit (VC). To transport multiple protocols, the Zyxel Device needs separate VCs. There is a binding between a VC and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces payload overhead since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol Data Unit (PDU) payload. |
Service Category | Select UBR Without PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive, such as email. Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data traffic. Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections that require closely controlled delay and delay variation. |
Peak Cell Rate [cells/s] | Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Enter the PCR here. This is not available when you set the Service Category to UBR Without PCR. |
Sustainable Cell Rate | The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be transmitted. Enter the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system default is 0 cells/sec. This is not available when you set the Service Category to UBR Without PCR or CBR. |
Maximum Burst Size [cells] | Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the peak rate. Enter the MBS, which is less than 65535. This is not available when you set the Service Category to UBR Without PCR or CBR. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving any changes. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes. |
Broadband Settings for Ethernet and PON Routers
Use this screen to change your Zyxel Device’s Internet access settings. The summary table shows you the configured WAN services (connections) on the Zyxel Device. Use information provided by your ISP to configure WAN settings.
The differences of the broadband screens between Ethernet and PON routers or gateways are the type of connections available.Click Network Setting > Broadband to access this screen.
Network Setting > Broadband (Ethernet Routers)
Network Setting > Broadband (PON Routers)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
Add New WAN Interface | Click this button to create a new connection. |
# | This is the index number of the entry. |
Name | This is the service name of the connection. |
Type | This displays the type of connections available. |
Mode | This shows whether the connection is in routing or bridge mode. |
Encapsulation | This is the method of encapsulation used by this connection. |
802.1p | This indicates the 802.1p priority level assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This displays N/A when there is no priority level assigned. |
802.1q | This indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This displays N/A when there is no VLAN ID number assigned. |
IGMP Proxy | This shows whether the Zyxel Device act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. |
NAT | This shows whether NAT is activated or not for this connection. |
Default Gateway | This shows whether the Zyxel Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default gateway. |
IPv6 | This shows whether IPv6 is activated or not for this connection. IPv6 is not available when the connection uses the bridging service. |
MLD Proxy | This shows whether Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) is activated or not for this connection. MLD is not available when the connection uses the bridging service. |
Modify | Click the Edit icon to configure the WAN connection. Click the Delete icon to remove the WAN connection. |
Add or Edit Internet Connection
Click Add New WAN Interface in the Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to an existing WAN interface to open the following screen. Use this screen to configure a WAN connection. The screen varies depending on the mode, encapsulation, and IPv6 or IPv4 mode you select.
Routing Mode
Use Routing mode if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet account.
The following example screen displays when you select the Routing mode and PPPoE encapsulation. The screen varies when you select other encapsulation and IPv6 or IPv4 mode.
Network Setting > Broadband > Add or Edit New WAN Interface (Ethernet Routers: Routing Mode)
Network Setting > Broadband > Add or Edit New WAN Interface (PON Routers: Routing Mode)
Network Setting > Broadband > Add or Edit New WAN Interface (PON Routers:Routing Mode)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
LABEL | Description |
|---|---|
General | Click this switch to enable the WAN interface. |
Name | Specify a descriptive name for this connection. You can use up to 15 alphanumeric (0-9, a-z, A-Z) and special characters except [ " ], [ ` ], [ ' ], [ < ], [ > ], [ ^ ], [ $ ], [ | ], [ & ], or [ ; ]. Spaces are allowed. This field is read-only is you are editing the WAN interface. |
Type | This field shows Ethernet and indicates an Ethernet connection. This field is read-only is you are editing the WAN interface. |
Mode | Select Routing if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet account. |
Encapsulation | Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. This option is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field. The choices are PPPoE and IPoE. |
IPv4/IPv6 Mode | Select IPv4 Only if you want the Zyxel Device to run IPv4 only. Select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack to allow the Zyxel Device to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time. Select IPv6 Only if you want the Zyxel Device to run IPv6 only. |
PPP Information (This is available only when you select PPPoE in the Encapsulation field.) | |
PPP User Name | Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given. |
PPP Password | Enter the password associated with the user name above. Select password unmask to show your entered password in plain text. |
PPP Connection Trigger | Select when to have the Zyxel Device establish the PPP connection. Auto Connect – select this to not let the connection time out. On Demand – select this to automatically bring up the connection when the Zyxel Device receives packets destined for the Internet. |
Idle Timeout | This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically disconnects from the PPPoE server. This field is only available if you select On Demand in the PPP Connection Trigger field. |
PPPoE Passthrough | This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation. In addition to the Zyxel Device’s built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP through the Zyxel Device. Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address. PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate. Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP. |
VLAN | Click this switch to enable or disable VLAN on this WAN interface. When the switch goes to the right  , the function is enabled. Otherwise, it is not. |
802.1p | IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The greater the number, the higher the priority level. |
802.1q | Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection. |
MVLAN | A Multicast VLAN (MVLAN is a special VLAN just for sending multicast traffic. With Multicast VLAN the Switch S can send multicast traffic directly to users in the MVLAN, without duplicating multicast streams for separate VLANs. |
MTU | |
MTU | Enter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for traffic through this connection. |
IP Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
Obtain an IP Address Automatically | A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet. Select this if you have a dynamic IP address. |
Static IP Address | Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. |
IP Address | Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP. |
Subnet Mask | Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP. This is available only when you set the Encapsulation to IPoE. |
Gateway IP Address | Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP. This is available only when you set the Encapsulation to IPoE. |
DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
Select Obtain DNS Info Automically if you want the Zyxel Device to use the DNS server addresses assigned by your ISP. Select Use Following Static DNS Address if you want the Zyxel Device to use the DNS server addresses you configure manually. | |
Primary DNS Server | Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Secondary DNS Server | Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
NAT | Click this switch to activate or deactivate NAT on this connection. When the switch goes to the right  , the function is enabled. Otherwise, it is not. |
IGMP Proxy | Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. Click this switch to have the Zyxel Device act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. When the switch goes to the right  , the function is enabled. Otherwise, it is not.This allows the Zyxel Device to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly. |
Apply as Default Gateway | Click this switch to have the Zyxel Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default gateway. When the switch goes to the right  , the function is enabled. Otherwise, it is not. |
Fullcone NAT Enable | Click this switch to enable or disable full cone NAT on this connection. When the switch goes to the right  , the function is enabled. Otherwise, it is not.This field is available only when you activate NAT. In full cone NAT, the Zyxel Device maps all outgoing packets from an internal IP address and port to a single IP address and port on the external network. The Zyxel Device also maps packets coming to that external IP address and port to the internal IP address and port. |
DHCPC Options (This is available only when you set the Encapsulation to IPoE and select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) The available DHCP options may differ by model. | |
Request Options | Select Option 42 to have the Zyxel Device get NTP time server information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. Select Option 43 to have the Zyxel Device get vendor specific information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. Select Option 120 to have the Zyxel Device get static route information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. Select Option 121 to have the Zyxel Device get SIP server information from DHCP packets sent from the DHCP server. |
Sent Options | |
option 60 | Select this and enter the device identity you want the Zyxel Device to add in the DHCP discovery packets that go to the DHCP server. |
Vendor ID | Enter the Vendor Class Identifier, such as the type of the hardware or firmware. |
option 61 | Select this and enter any string that identifies the device. |
IAID | Enter the Identity Association Identifier (IAID) of the device, for example, the WAN connection index number. |
DUID | Enter the hardware type, a time value and the MAC address of the device. |
option 125 | Select this to have the Zyxel Device automatically generate and add vendor specific parameters in the DHCP discovery packets that go to the DHCP server. |
IPv6 Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
Obtain an IPv6 Address Automatically | Select Obtain an IPv6 Address Automatically if you want to have the Zyxel Device use the IPv6 prefix from the connected router’s Router Advertisement (RA) to generate an IPv6 address. |
Static IPv6 Address | Select Static IPv6 Address if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP. When you select this, the following fields appear. |
IPv6 Address | Enter an IPv6 IP address that your ISP gave to you for this WAN interface. |
Prefix Length | Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address compose the network address. |
IPv6 Default Gateway | Enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same segment as your Zyxel Device's interfaces. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations. |
IPv6 DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. Configure the IPv6 DNS server in the following section.) | |
Obtain IPv6 DNS Info Automatically | Select Obtain IPv6 DNS Info Automatically to have the Zyxel Device get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from the ISP automatically. |
Use Following Static IPv6 DNS Address | Select Use Following Static IPv6 DNS Address to have the Zyxel Device use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure manually. |
Primary DNS Server | Enter the first IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Secondary DNS Server | Enter the second IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
IPv6 Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. You can enable IPv6 routing features in the following section.) | |
MLD Proxy Enable | Select this checkbox to have the Zyxel Device act as an MLD proxy on this connection. This allows the Zyxel Device to get subscription information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly. |
Apply as Default Gateway | Select this option to have the Zyxel Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default gateway. |
DS-Lite | This is available only when you select IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. Enable Dual Stack Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. See Dual Stack Lite for more information. Click this switch to enable DS-Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. |
DS-Lite Relay Server IP | Specify the transition router’s IPv6 address. |
6RD The 6RD (IPv6 rapid deployment) fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv4 Only. See IPv6 Rapid Deployment for more information. Click this switch to tunnel IPv6 traffic from the local network through the ISP’s IPv4 network. | |
Select Manually Configured if you have the IPv4 address of the relay server. Otherwise, select Automatically configured by DHCPC to have the Zyxel Device detect it automatically through DHCP. The Automatically configured by DHCPC option is configurable only when you set the method of encapsulation to IPoE. | |
Service Provider IPv6 Prefix | Enter an IPv6 prefix for tunneling IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s border relay router and connecting to the native IPv6 Internet. |
IPv4 Mask Length | Enter the subnet mask number (1 – 32) for the IPv4 network. |
Border Relay IPv4 Address | When you select Manually Configured, specify the relay server’s IPv4 address in this field. |
DHCPv6 Option (This is available only when you select IPv6 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.) | |
IPv6 Address From DHCPv6 Server | Click the switch (to the right) to let the Zyxel Device send DHCP requests to the DHCPv6 server to obtain an IPv6 address. |
Other Information From DHCPv6 Server | Click the switch (to the right) to have the Zyxel Device get other information, such as DNS information, from DHCPv6 packets sent from the DHCPv6 server. This will be enabled if IPv6 Address From DHCPv6 Server is enabled. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes. |
Bridge Mode
Click the Add new WAN Interface in the Network Setting > Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to the connection you want to configure. The following example screen displays when you select Bridge mode.
Network Setting > Broadband > Add or Edit New WAN Interface (Bridge Mode)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
General | Click this switch to enable the interface. |
Name | Enter a service name of the connection. You can use up to 15 alphanumeric (0-9, a-z, A-Z) and special characters except [ " ], [ ` ], [ ' ], [ < ], [ > ], [ ^ ], [ $ ], [ | ], [ & ], or [ ; ]. Spaces are allowed. This field is read-only is you are editing the WAN interface. |
Type | This field shows Ethernet and indicates an Ethernet connection. This field is read-only is you are editing the WAN interface. |
Mode | Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you select Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and NAT on traffic from the selected LAN ports. |
VLAN | Click this switch to enable VLAN on this WAN interface. |
802.1p | IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The greater the number, the higher the priority level. |
802.1q | Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection. |
MTU | |
MTU | Enter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for traffic through this connection. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving any changes. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes. |
Cellular Backup
The USB port of the Zyxel Device allows you to attach a cellular dongle to wirelessly connect to a cellular network for Internet access. You can have the Zyxel Device use the cellular WAN connection as a backup to keep you online if the primary WAN connection fails for Consecutive Fail times. Consult your cellular service provider to configure the settings in this screen. Disconnect the Fiber port to use the cellular dongle as your primary WAN connection, as the Zyxel Device automatically uses a wired WAN connection when available.
Internet Access Application: Cellular WAN
Use this screen to configure your cellular settings. Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup.
The actual data rate you obtain varies depending on the cellular card you use, the signal strength to the service provider’s base station, and so on.
Entering a wrong PIN code three times will lock the SIM card in your cellular dongle.If you select Drop in the Current Cellular Connection field, the Zyxel Device will drop the cellular WAN connection when the Time Budget or Data Budget is reached. It may take some time for the cellular WAN connection to be disconnected when the Time Budget or Data Budget is reached.Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup
Network > Broadband > Cellular Backup (Budget Setup)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
General | |
Cellular Backup | Click this switch to have the Zyxel Device use the cellular connection as your WAN or a backup when the wired WAN connection fails. |
Ping Check | Click this switch to ping check the connection status of your WAN. You can configure the frequency of the ping check and number of consecutive failures before triggering cellular backup. |
Check Cycle | Enter the frequency of the ping check in this field. |
Consecutive Fail | Enter how many consecutive failures are required before cellular backup is triggered. |
Ping Default Gateway | Select this to have the Zyxel Device ping the WAN interface’s default gateway IP address. |
Ping Host | Select this to have the Zyxel Device ping the particular host name or IP address you typed in this field. |
Cellular Connection Settings | |
Card Description | This field displays the manufacturer and model name of your cellular card if you inserted one in the Zyxel Device. Otherwise, it displays N/A. |
Username | Enter the user name (of up to 64 alphanumeric (0-9, a-z, A-Z) and special characters, including spaces) given to you by your service provider. |
Password | Enter the password (of up to 64 alphanumeric (0-9, a-z, A-Z) and special characters, including spaces) associated with the user name above. |
Authentication | The Zyxel Device supports PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) and CHAP (Challenge Type Handshake Authentication Protocol). In PAP, peers identify themselves with a user name and password. In CHAP, additionally to user name and password the Zyxel Device sends regular challenges to make sure an intruder has not replaced a peer. CHAP is more secure than PAP; however, PAP is available on more platforms. Select an authentication protocol (Auto, CHAP or PAP). Contact your service provider for the correct authentication type. |
PIN | A PIN (Personal Identification Number) code is a key to a cellular card. Without the PIN code, you cannot use the cellular card. If your ISP enabled PIN code authentication, enter the 4-digit PIN code (0000 for example) provided by your ISP. If you enter the PIN code incorrectly, the cellular card may be blocked by your ISP and you cannot use the account to access the Internet. If your ISP disabled PIN code authentication, leave this field blank. |
Dial String | Enter the phone number (dial string) used to dial up a connection to your service provider’s base station. Your ISP should provide the phone number. For example, *99# is the dial string to establish a GPRS or cellular connection in Taiwan. |
APN | Enter the APN (Access Point Name) provided by your service provider. Connections with different APNs may provide different services (such as Internet access or MMS (Multi-Media Messaging Service)) and charge method. You can enter up to 32 printable characters except [ " ], [ ` ], [ ' ], [ < ], [ > ], [ ^ ], [ $ ], [ | ], [ & ], or [ ; ]. Spaces are allowed. |
Connection | Select Nailed UP if you do not want the connection to time out. Select On Demand if you do not want the connection up all the time and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field. |
Max Idle Timeout | This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the Zyxel Device automatically disconnects from the ISP. |
Obtain an IP Address Automatically | Select this option if your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. |
Use the Following Static IP Address | Select this option if the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. |
IP Address | Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use the following static IP address. |
Subnet Mask | Enter the subnet mask of the IP address. |
Obtain DNS Info Dynamically | Select this to have the Zyxel Device get the DNS server addresses from the ISP automatically. |
Use the Following Static DNS IP Address | Select this to have the Zyxel Device use the DNS server addresses you configure manually. |
Primary DNS Server | Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Secondary DNS Server | Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP. |
Enable e-mail Notification | Select this to enable the email notification function. The Zyxel Device will email you a notification when the cellular connection is up. |
Mail Account | Select an email address you have configured in Maintenance > E-mail Notification. The Zyxel Device uses the corresponding mail server to send notifications. You must have configured a mail server already in the Maintenance > E-mail Notification screen. |
Cellular Backup e-mail Title | Enter a title that you want to be in the subject line of the email notifications that the Zyxel Device sends. |
Send Notification to E-mail | Notifications are sent to the email address specified in this field. If this field is left blank, notifications cannot be sent through email. |
Click this  to show the advanced cellular backup settings. | |
Budget Setup | |
Enable Budget Control | Click this switch to set a monthly limit for the user account of the installed cellular card. You can set a limit on the total traffic and/or call time. The Zyxel Device takes the actions you specified when a limit is exceeded during the month. |
Time Budget | Select this and specify the amount of time (in hours) that the cellular connection can be used within one month. If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the Zyxel Device resets the statistics. |
Data Budget (Mbytes) | Select this and specify how much downstream and/or upstream data (in Mega bytes) can be transmitted through the cellular connection within one month. Select Download/Upload to set a limit on the total traffic in both directions. Select Download to set a limit on the downstream traffic (from the ISP to the Zyxel Device). Select Upload to set a limit on the upstream traffic (from the Zyxel Device to the ISP). If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the Zyxel Device resets the statistics. |
Data Budget (kPackets) | Select this and specify how much downstream and/or upstream data (in k Packets) can be transmitted through the cellular connection within one month. Select Download/Upload to set a limit on the total traffic in both directions. Select Download to set a limit on the downstream traffic (from the ISP to the Zyxel Device). Select Upload to set a limit on the upstream traffic (from the Zyxel Device to the ISP). If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the Zyxel Device resets the statistics. |
Reset all budget counters on | Select the date on which the Zyxel Device resets the budget every month. Select last if you want the Zyxel Device to reset the budget on the last day of the month. Select specific and enter the number of the date you want the Zyxel Device to reset the budget. |
Reset time and data budget counters | Click this button to reset the time and data budgets immediately. The count starts over with the cellular connection’s full configured monthly time and data budgets. This does not affect the normal monthly budget restart; so if you configured the time and data budget counters to reset on the second day of the month and you use this button on the first, the time and data budget counters will still reset on the second. |
Actions before over budget | Specify the actions the Zyxel Device takes before the time or data limit exceeds. |
Data Budget % of time budget/data budget (Mbytes)/data budget (kPackets) | Select the checkboxes and enter a number from 1 to 99 in the percentage fields. If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the Zyxel Device resets the statistics. |
Actions when over budget | Specify the actions the Zyxel Device takes when the time or data limit is exceeded. |
Current Cellular Connection | Select Keep to maintain an existing cellular connection or Drop to disconnect it. |
Actions | |
Enable e-mail Notification | Click this switch to enable the email notification function. The Zyxel Device will email you a notification whenever over budget occurs. |
Mail Account | Select an email address you have configured in Maintenance > E-mail Notification. The Zyxel Device uses the corresponding mail server to send notifications. You must have configured a mail server already in the Maintenance > E-mail Notification screen. |
Cellular Backup e-mail Title | Enter a title that you want to be in the subject line of the email notifications that the Zyxel Device sends. |
Send Notification to E-mail | Notifications are sent to the email address specified in this field. If this field is left blank, notifications cannot be sent through email. |
Enable Log: Interval | Select this to and enter the Interval of how many minutes (1 – 9999) you want the Zyxel Device to email you. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to discard any changes to the settings. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes. |
Broadband Advanced Screen for DSL Routers or Gateways
Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable ADSL over PTM, Annex M, DSL PhyR, and SRA (Seamless Rate Adaptation) functions. The Zyxel Device supports the PhyR retransmission scheme. PhyR is a retransmission scheme designed to provide protection against noise on the DSL line. It improves voice, video and data transmission resilience by utilizing a retransmission buffer. It also lists ITU-T G.993.2 standard VDSL profiles you can comply with.
ITU-T G.993.2 standard defines a wide range of settings for various parameters, some of which are encompassed in profiles as shown in the next table.
This features is not available on all models. See Overview for more information.If the settings in the screen are changed, the Zyxel Device will re-establish the DSL connections.Profile | Bandwidth (MHz) | Number of downstream carriers | Carrier bandwidth (kHz) | Power (dBm) | Max. downstream throughput (Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8a | 8.832 | 2048 | 4.3125 | 17.5 | 50 |
8b | 8.832 | 2048 | 4.3125 | 20.5 | 50 |
8c | 8.5 | 1972 | 4.3125 | 11.5 | 50 |
8d | 8.832 | 2048 | 4.3125 | 14.5 | 50 |
12a | 12 | 2783 | 4.3125 | 14.5 | 68 |
12b | 12 | 2783 | 4.3125 | 14.5 | 68 |
17a | 17.664 | 4096 | 4.3125 | 14.5 | 100 |
35a | 30.000 | 3479 | 4.3125 | 14.5 | 100 |
35b | 35.328 | 8192 | 4.3125 | 17.0 | 300 |
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced to display the following screen.
Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
DSL Capabilities | |
PhyR US | Enable or disable PhyR US (upstream) for upstream transmission to the WAN. PhyR US should be enabled if data being transmitted upstream is sensitive to noise. However, enabling PhyR US can decrease the US line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it enabled. |
PhyR DS | Enable or disable PhyR DS (downstream) for downstream transmission from the WAN. PhyR DS should be enabled if data being transmitted downstream is sensitive to noise. However, enabling PhyR DS can decrease the DS line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it enabled. |
PhyR US/DS | Enable or disable PhyR US/DS (upstream or downstream) for both upstream and downstream transmission to the WAN. PhyR US should be enabled if data being transmitted upstream is sensitive to noise. However, enabling PhyR US can decrease the US line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it enabled. |
Bitswap | Select Enable to allow the Zyxel Device to adapt to line changes when you are using G.dmt. Bit-swapping is a way of keeping the line more stable by constantly monitoring and redistributing bits between channels. |
SRA | Enable or disable Seamless Rate Adaption (SRA). Select Enable to have the Zyxel Device automatically adjust the connection’s data rate according to line conditions without interrupting service. |
DSL Modulation | |
PTM over ADSL | Select Enable to use PTM over ADSL. Since PTM has less overhead than ATM, some ISPs use this for better performance. |
G.Dmt | ITU G.992.1 (better known as G.dmt) is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation. G.dmt full-rate ADSL expands the usable bandwidth of existing copper telephone lines, delivering high-speed data communications at rates up to 8 Mbit/s downstream and 1.3 Mbit/s upstream. |
G.lite | ITU G.992.2 (better known as G.lite) is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation. G.lite does not strictly require the use of DSL filters, but like all variants of ADSL generally functions better with splitters. |
T1.413 | ANSI T1.413 is a technical standard that defines the requirements for the single asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) for the interface between the telecommunications network and the customer installation in terms of their interaction and electrical characteristics. |
ADSL2 | It optionally extends the capability of basic ADSL in data rates to 12 Mbit/s downstream and, depending on Annex version, up to 3.5 Mbit/s upstream (with a mandatory capability of ADSL2 transceivers of 8 Mbit/s downstream and 800 kbit/s upstream). |
Annex L | Annex L is an optional specification in the ITU-T ADSL2 recommendation G.992.3 titled Specific requirements for a Reach Extended ADSL2 (READSL2) system operating in the frequency band above POTS, therefore it is often referred to as Reach Extended ADSL2 or READSL2.The main difference between this specification and commonly deployed Annex A is the maximum distance that can be used. The power of the lower frequencies used for transmitting data is boosted up to increase the reach of this signal up to 7 kilometers (23,000 ft). |
ADSL2+ | ADSL2+ extends the capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream channels. The data rates can be as high as 24 Mbit/s downstream and up to 1.4 Mbit/s upstream depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises. |
Annex M | Annex M is an optional specification in ITU-T recommendations G.992.3 (ADSL2) and G.992.5 (ADSL2+), also referred to as ADSL2 M and ADSL2+ M. This specification extends the capability of commonly deployed Annex A by more than doubling the number of upstream bits. The data rates can be as high as 12 or 24 Mbit/s downstream and 3 Mbit/s upstream depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises. |
Annex M/J | Annex M and Annex J are specified in ITU-T recommendations G.992.3 (ADSL2) and G.992.5 (ADSL2+). Annex M and Annex J enhance the capabilities of Annex A and Annex B by increasing the upstream transmission data rate, but slightly reduce the downstream data rates as a trade-off. Annex M supports data rates of up to 12 Mbit/s downstream and 3.5 Mbit/s upstream for ADSL2, and up to 24 Mbit/s downstream and 2.5 Mbit/s upstream for ADSL2+. Annex J supports data rates of up to 12 Mbit/s downstream and 3.5 Mbit/s upstream for ADSL2, and up to 24 Mbit/s downstream and 3.5 Mbit/s upstream for ADSL2+. However, the actual downstream or upstream data rates depend on the distance from the ISP DSLAM to the Zyxel Device and the quality of your telephone line. Click the switch to enable the Zyxel Device to use Annex M for Zyxel Device models that use POTS WAN connection, and use Annex J for Zyxel Device models that use ISDN WAN connection. |
VDSL2 | VDSL2 (Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2) is the second generation of the VDSL standard (which is currently denoted VDSL1). VDSL2 allows a frequency band of up to 30MHz and transmission rates of up to 100 Mbps in each direction. VDSL2 is defined in G.993.2. |
VDSL Profile | VDSL2 profiles differ in the width of the frequency band used to transmit the broadband signal. Profiles that use a wider frequency band can deliver higher maximum speeds. |
8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 12a, 12b, 17a, 30a, 35b US0 | The G.993.2 VDSL standard defines a wide range of profiles that can be used in different VDSL deployment settings, such as in a central office, a street cabinet or a building. The Zyxel Device must comply with at least one profile specified in G.993.2. but compliance with more than one profile is allowed. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device. |
Broadband Advanced Screen for Ethernet Routers
Use the Advanced screen to configure the Zyxel Device to reduce the power consumption.
IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE)
If EEE is enabled, and there is no WAN/LAN traffic (A) on the Zyxel Device, the Zyxel Device enters low power idle (L) (or sleep (S)) mode. Transitioning to low power mode (L) requires (Ts) seconds. Low power idle (L) mode turns off some functions of the physical layer to save power. Periodically the Zyxel Device transmits a REFRESH (R) signal during short refresh intervals (Tr) to allow the connected WAN/LAN device to keep the link active. The Zyxel Device stays quiet during large intervals (Tq). When there is traffic to be sent, a WAKE (W) signal is sent to the connected WAN/LAN device to return the link to active mode (A). This wake (W) transition takes (Tw) seconds.
Transition Between the Active (A) and Low Power Idle (L) Modes in EEE
Auto Power Down
Auto Power Down turns off almost all functions of the Zyxel Device’s physical layer when the link is down, so the Zyxel Device only uses power when there is a link up pulse from the connected WAN/LAN device. After the link up pulse is detected, the Zyxel Device wakes up from Auto Power Down and operates normally.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced to display the following screen.
Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Label | Description |
|---|---|
Ethernet Power Management | |
Energy Efficient Ethernet | Slide the switch to the right to activate Energy Efficient Ethernet on the Zyxel Device. |
Ethernet Auto Power Down | Slide the switch to the right to activate Auto Power Down on the Zyxel Device. |
Cancel | Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration. |
Apply | Click Apply to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device. |
Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the Zyxel Device features described in this chapter.
Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The Zyxel Device can work in bridge mode or routing mode. When the Zyxel Device is in routing mode, it supports the following methods.
IP over Ethernet
IP over Ethernet (IPoE) is an alternative to PPPoE. IP packets are being delivered across an Ethernet network, without using PPP encapsulation. They are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged Ethernet cells.
PPP over ATM (PPPoA)
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The Zyxel Device encapsulates the PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information on PPP.
PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides access control and billing functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable, Wi-Fi, and so on) connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the Zyxel Device (rather than individual computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the Zyxel Device does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer to RFC 1483 for more detailed information.
Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.
VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit; for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and video connections.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits), so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be greater than the PCR.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value that correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
Example of Traffic Shaping
ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0 Specification.
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (does not tolerate delay). CBR is used for connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR would be high-resolution video and voice.
Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty" traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR does not guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.
IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have either a dynamic or static IP. However, the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices for IP address and default gateway.
Introduction to VLANs
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can belong to more than one group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from devices that are not in the same groups; the traffic must first go through a router.
In Multi-Tenant Unit (MTU) applications, VLAN is vital in providing isolation and security among the subscribers. When properly configured, VLAN prevents one subscriber from accessing the network resources of another on the same LAN, thus a user will not see the printers and hard disks of another user in the same building.
VLAN also increases network performance by limiting broadcasts to a smaller and more manageable logical broadcast domain. In traditional switched environments, all broadcast packets go to each and every individual port. With VLAN, all broadcasts are confined to a specific broadcast domain.
Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN
A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges – they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP. The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame across the network. A tagged frame is 4 bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains 2 bytes of TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier), residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame) and 2 bytes of TCI (Tag Control Information), starts after the source address field of the Ethernet frame).
The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as it is to an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum number of 4,096 VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A frame with VID (VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the 4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved, so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4,094.
TPID 2 Bytes | User Priority 3 Bits | CFI 1 Bit | VLAN ID 12 Bits |
Multicast
IP packets are transmitted in either one of two ways – Unicast (1 sender – 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender – everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network – not everybody and not just 1.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
At start up, the Zyxel Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After that, the Zyxel Device periodically updates this information.
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it.
The Zyxel Device can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
1 The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
2 If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the Zyxel Device’s WAN IP address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015, 2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.